2Department of Medical Genetics, Near East University Faculty of Medicine, Nicosia-TRNC
3Department of Pharmacognosy, Near East University Faculty of Pharmacy, Nicosia-TRNC
4Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cyprus Health and Social Sciences University Faculty of Engineering, Nicosia-TRNC DOI : 10.5505/tjo.2023.3933 OBJECTIVE
Saponins are the main components of Astragalus species. In this study, different doses of saponins obtained from Astragalus species were applied to MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines, and the cell proliferation, cytotoxicity, and apoptotic effects were investigated.
METHODS
Five different cycloartane-type saponins (Astragaloside IV, Cyclocanthoside E, Astrasieversianin X,
Macrophylosaponins B and D) were incubated with MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells for 24, 48, and 72
h. Cell cytotoxicity activity of saponins on cell lines was determined by cell counting kit 8. For apoptosis
analysis, TUNEL Assay Kit was used.
RESULTS
Significant changes in cytotoxicity were obtained at concentrations of 10 ?M, 100 ?M and 200 ?M for 24
h, at concentrations of 100 ?M and 150 ?M for 48 h, and at concentrations of 10 ?M and 100 ?M for 72
h in the MDA-MB-231 cells, respectively. In MCF-7 cells, no significant changes in the cell cytotoxicity
were obtained between the control and administered concentrations for 24 h but significant changes
were obtained at all concentrations (10 Left BraceM, 100 Left BraceM, 150 Left BraceM, 200 Left BraceM) for 48 h and at concentration of
100 Left BraceM for 72 h. There was a significant change in the apoptosis analysis for the MCF-7 cells at concentrations
of 10 Left BraceM and 100 Left BraceM for 48 h.
CONCLUSION
All in all, this study suggests that low-dose saponin glycosides decreased cell viability of breast cancer
cell and increased apoptosis in MCF-7 cells.